VOLUME 28, NO1, FEB 2006

Effect of Evaluation Temperature on Surface pH of Granular Charcoal and Adsorption of Dyes

Commercial grabular charcoal was evacuated at 105,300 and 800oC. The effect of evacuation on pH of charcoal solution was studied. The pH showed considerable increase with evacuation. The infrared (IR) spectra of the charcoal samples before and after evacuation these temperature was also recorded and also recorded and interpreted for the presence of both acidic and basis groups, found in the charcoal ,matrix. Acidic group showed considerable decrease with increase in evacuation from 105 to 800 oC while no effect was found for basic group. The absorption studies of two dyes,, methyl orange (acidic) and mthylene blue (basis) were conducted at all the three evacuated granular charcoal samples at 25oC as function of string time, concentration and evacuation. Adsorption equilibrium was established at four hours in case of both the dyes irrespective of their nature, concentration of dyes at equilibrium temperature. Evacuation showed a positive effect on the adsorption of dyes at equilibrium time, however highest adsorption was found at 800oC. The adsorption data was also applied to freundlich and langmur isotherms.read more

---

Y IQBAL ,M A KHAN ,IHSAN ULLAH ,S HAIDER ,

Effect of Copper and Zinc Impregnation on Thermal Stability of Activated Charcoal

Effect of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) impregnation on the thermal stability of charcoal has been studied utilizing thermogravimetrey (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) technique. The results indicate towards a decrease in thermal stability of charcoal upon impregnation. Energies of activation for decomposition of Cu and Zn impregated charcoal calculated from TG are 17.4kj/mole and 20.2kj/mole respectively.read more

---

R QADEER ,R HUSSAIN ,

Characterization, Distribution and Comparison of Selected Met in Textile Effluents, Adjoining Soil and Groundwater

This paper reports characterization and distribution, along with international comparison, of the concentration levels of twelve selected metals in effluents, adjoining soil and groundwater simple taken from three textile industrials located in Hatta, Industrial Estate NWFP, Pakistan. Metal analysis in these media was done by FAAS system using automatic background compensation. The result show elevated levels of CR, Pb, Ni, Co, Fe, Ca, Na, K and Zn in these media following the order: soil > effluents> groundwater. Comparison with background and international data revealed that the textile effluents are containing the soil and groundwater. Cr and Pb were dominant toxic metals in soil samples having concentration of 5.96 mg/kg-1 and 4.46 mg kg-1, respectively static, along with correlation coefficient and linear regression supported the fact that various elevated metal concentration emerged from the textile industrial; effluents ultimately leading to contamination of the soil and ground in their proximity thus adversely affecting the local environment.read more

---

N SHAHEEN ,A KHALIQUE ,M H SHAH ,M JAFFAR ,S MANZOOR ,

Appraisal of Effluents of Some Selected Industries of Hayatabad Industrials Estate, Peshawar

Wastewater samples of ten selected industries of Hayatabad industrials estate Peshawar were analyzed for both physical and chemical parameters. The findings of the research are, temperature at the spot: 20.0-42.0oC; pH; 6.90-9.65oC electrical conductivity 0.20-3.13mS; total solids; 0.014-8.96 mg/dm3 total hardness 210-800 mg/dm3 total alkalinity 160-1402 mg/dm3 chloride 72-580 mg/dm3 sulphite 2.83-43.92 mg/dm3 nitrite 0.75-11.60 mg/dm3 fluoride 0.0-16.00 mg/dm3 phosphate 3.40-24. mg/dm3 nickel 0.01-0.4 mg/dm3 sodium 20-70 mg/dm3. the results were compared with the standard permissible levels for industrials wastewater effluents. Some of the parameters were found to have values beyond those of the permissible levels.read more

---

M FIDA ,F K BANGASH ,T FAZEELAT ,

Thermodynamics of Basic Dyes (Methylene blue and Basic blue3) Adsorption on Active Charcoal Prepared from the Wood of Ailanthus Altisima

In this study, various thermodynamics parameters for the removal of two basic, dyes Methylene blue (MB) and Basic blue (BB 3) from aqueous solution by the activated charcoal (M75) prepared from the wood of Ailanthus Altisima were investigated. Most of the adsorption took place during the first 80 minutes. Equilibrium was however activated at 105oC. In case of the sample activated at 800oC, the equilibrium are established in one hour. The color removal efficiency of the powdered activated charcoal prepared by the physical activation and solvent extraction, was determined by the adsorption isotherms. It was concluded that the wood of Ailanthus Altisima can be used for making activated carbon for the wastewater treatment. This would thus help to manage solid wastes and reduce materials cost for water pollution control.read more

---

F K BANGASH ,A MANAF ,

Mechanism of Electrical Conduction in Doped Poly-2-Vinylpyridine

Poly2-vinylyride (P2VP) and its compisitics with uniformly distributed dopant have been synthesized and characterized through analytical measurements such as glass transition temperature Tg molecular mass and screening etc. the d.c. conductivity of these samples was studied as a function of temperature. The conductivity of P2VP is seen to increase by many orders of magnitude on addition of dopant. Energy of activation, charge carrier concentration and carrier mobility is determined and conduction mechanism proposedread more

---

M MAZHAR ,U RAFIQUE ,S ALI ,M A HASHMI ,F A KHWAJA ,M M BHATTI ,

Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies on the Interaction between Macrocyclic Nickel (II) Complex and DNA

The macrocyclic nickel complex (MCNi) was prepared and identified by IR, UV/Vis spectroscopy. The interaction between MCNi and salmon sperm DNA was studied by cyclic Voltammetry and UV/V is spectroscopy, which confirmed that MCNi could interact with DNA by electrostatic interaction and form a 1.1 MCNi-DNA complex with a binding constant of 363.8mol-11 .the sufficient reaching time of this interaction ws determined had great effect on MCNi-DNA interaction.  read more

---

S S ZHANG ,G F JIE ,K JIAO ,S Y NIU ,

Determination of Fe (III) with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol in Micellar Medium by Derivative Spectrophotometry

A spectrophotometric and first derivative spectrophotometric determination iron(III) is carried out with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol as complexing reagent in aqueous phase using non-ionic surfactant Tween 40. the iron is determined in the range 1.7-120ng mL-1 with detection limit (2α) of 1.7ng mL-1. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity are 1.69 x (104 mol-1 cm-1) and 7.9 ngcm-2at 446 nm. The optimum pH of the complex is 1. the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of Tween 40 is 5%. Adsorption studies in the first derivative mode is carried out to determine the adsorption maximum of the complex for higher sensitivity and to overcome interference due to the presence of certain metal ions. The present method is compared with that of AAS and no significant difference is noted between the two methods at 95% confidence level. The method has been applied for the determination of Fe (III) in industrials waste water and steel samples .read more

---

G A SHAR ,G A SOOMRO ,

Copper Extraction from Copper Rolling Mills Scraps using Solvent “Atryl Adloximne”, 2-hydroxy-5-nonylbenzaldoxime” (ACORGA-M5640)

The performance of ACORGA-M5640 solvent extraction reagents has been experimentally demonstrated for extraction of the copper from scales of copper rolling mills scrapt. Initially laboratory scale experiments are performed to evaluate best operating condition for solvent extraction of copper for 6 g/I of copper in feed solution is 2.5 aquoes/orgqanic ratios  is 1.3, 30% of ACORGA-M5640 in 70% of diluents kerosene, mixing time is 12 min and strength of stripping solution f 2 gN H2SO4. A pilot plant having these conditions. The overall % extraction efficiency achieved in pilot plant is 99.73% and overall striping efficiency is 96.62%. The comparison between extraction ACORGA-M5100 and previously used and ACORGA-P5640 has extraction efficiency 4.73% and stripping efficiency 6.14% greater than that of ACORGA-P5100.read more

---

Z NAWAZ ,S NAVEED ,

Chemical Analysis of Uncultivated Cichorium intubus

Uncultivated medicinal plants are useful for assessing the nutrients bioavailability in terrestrial soils ecology wild Cichorium intubus growing in Cholistan desert environmental was selected to study variation in the concentration of nutrients ions like Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg+2, Fe1+, Cl+, HCO32-, PO42- and SO42-. A positive nutrient to nutrient ions correlations (p<0.01) was levels observed in joining soil. All nutrient level except Na+ and Ca2+ were found higher in plant than the adjoining soil. This base line data generated will be helpful for ‘Hakims” in the preparations of “Unani System of Medicines”.read more

---

S A TIRMIZI ,S YASMIN ,J IQBAL ,F H WATTOO ,M H S WATTOO ,